A GLOSSARY OF TERMS USED IN HERALDRY by JAMES PARKER

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P. in tricking is sometimes used for purpure.
Pack-saddle. See Saddle.
Packs. See Woolpacks.
Padlock. See Lock.
Pagoda. See Medal.
Paillé, (fr.): used for diapré.
Pails. See Bucket.
Pair of, sometimes used e.g. of wings, keys, crescents, &c.
Pairle, (fr.). See Pall.
Pairs, (fr.)=Peers[of France].
Paissant, or Pascuant,=grazing.

GRANDMESNIL.

THORNTON.

Pale, (fr. pal, pl. paux, old fr. pel): considered as one of the honourable ordinaries, and may occupy one third of the width of the shield. It has two diminutives, the palet, which is one half, and the endorse(q.v.), which is by some said to be one eighth of its breadth, by others one fourth.
The term vergette is said by French writers to be one third the width of their pal. The term occurs in one or two ancient coats of arms, but it is comparatively rare.

    Gules, a pale or--Arms ascribed to HUGH DE GRANDMESNIL, Lord High Steward of England, temp. HEN. I.
    Sire ROBERT DE FORNEUS, de argent a un pel engrele de sable--Roll, temp. ED. II.
    Sire Richard de WELLES, de or, a iij paus[i.e. pales] de goules; a un quarter de argent, et un molet de sable--Roll, temp. ED. II.
    Argent, three pallets azure--THORNTON.
    Or, two bars sable; on a chief of the second a palet between as many base esquires of the first; an inescutcheon charged with a fesse and chief ermine--BUTLER.
    Sable, on a fesse or two palets argent--Sir Richard MALINS, Vice-Chancellor, 1866.
    D'azur, à quatre vergettes d'ermine--RICHER, Orleanais.
    De sinople, au pal d'or chargé, d'une vergette de gueules; au chef d'argent chargé d'une épée contreposée de sable--JULIANIS DU ROURET, Provence.

PATRICK.

Pales and palets are subject to the same kind of variations as the other ordinaries, such as the bend, fesse, &c., but not to so many, being far less frequently employed.

    Argent, a pale chequy azure and or--BRICKWOOD.
    Azure, a pale or goutty de sang--PLAYER, Middlesex.
    Argent, a pale fusilly sable--DANIEL, co. Chester.
    Gules, a pale lozengy[elsewhere of five lozenges] or--NIGEL, co. Chester.
    Gules, a fesse depressed by a pale--DYRBYNE.
    Argent, a chevron sable surmounted by a pale ermine--ENDERBY.
    Gules, three palets vair; on a chief or a lion passant azure--Simon PATRICK, Bp. of Chichester, 1689; of Ely, 1691-1707.
    Argent, a pale dancetty gules--STRANHAM, Kent.
    Azure, a pale engrailed sable--DANIEL, co. York.
    Gules, a pale invecked argent--VECK.
    Argent, a pale nebuly sable--KAYNTON.
    .... On a chief argent a pale quarterly azure and gules; on the first and fourth a fleur-de-lis; on the second and third a lion passant gardant all of the second between two roses gules, seeded or, barbed vert--EAST INDIA COMPANY, 1600.
    Argent, a pale bretessed sable cotised; three torteaux in pale on each side--CROMIE, Ireland.
    Argent, a pale pointed in base gules--DEVEY.
    Argent, a pale furche, between two cotices sable--CUNNINGHAME, Scotland.

The pale furché in the last example is probably intended for the Shakefork, q.v.
In pale, (fr. l'un sur l'autre), is used when charges are arranged beneath one another, as in a pale. The term is frequently used, and often when not so it is implied, e.g. in the case of the three lions of England.

Azure, three escallops in pale or--SYMMES, Somerset.
Argent, three anchors sable in pale between two palets vert; a chief gules--DARWELL.

Palewise, (fr. en pal), is more accurately used of some one charge of which the position is not determined, such as of a key, which may be upright or lengthways, and would be described as palewise or fesswise accordingly.

Argent, a spaniel dog passant proper; on a chief embattled azure a key paleways, the wards upward between two crosses croslet or--MAIRE.
Argent, a bend gules; in chief two broad arrows, shods conjoined by an annulet, palewise azure--COMRIES, Scotland.

Per pale or Party per pale is very frequent. See under Party.
Pales, or Palings. See Park.
Palisade. See Crown palisado.
Pallet, or Palet. See under Pale.
Palmer's Staff, Scrip, &c. See Pilgrim's Staff, &c.
Paly, (fr. palé): when the field is divided by perpendicular lines into an even number of equal parts, the first of which is generally of a metal, and the last of a colour. An uneven number(see barry) would be blazoned as of so many pales. The French term vergetté is used when the pales, or rather palets, are above ten in number.

GOURNAY.

    Paly of six, or and azure--GOURNAY, or GURNEY, Devon.
    Paly of four pieces argent and vair--William de LONGCHAMP, Bp. of Ely, 1189-97.
    Le Comte de HUNTINGDON, pale d'or et de goules, ung bende noir--Roll, temp. HEN. III.
    Monsire FITZNELE, pale argent et gules de vi peeces--Roll, temp. ED. III.
    Monsire de STRELLE, pale de vi d'argent et d'asure--Roll, temp. ED. III.
    Monsire Hugh MENILL, per pale de xij peces argent et gules a une bend d'asure a trois fers de chevall d'or en la bend--Ibid.
    Monsire William de MENILL, port pale de viij peeces argent et gules a une bend d'asur a trois fers de chevall d'or en la bend--Ibid.
    Le Sire de GOUSHILL, port d'argent et gules pales, au chief de asur en le cheif une damez(? daunce) or--Ibid.

GERNON.

Again, in the same way as barry so may paly be diversified, e.g. the lines may be undy, and in respect of this a curious expression occurs in the ancient rolls of arms, viz. oundée de long, which means paly wavy, as is evidenced by the ancient arms both of the GERNON and VALOYNE family.

    William GERNON, oundee de long d'argent et de goules--Roll, temp. HEN. III.
    Sire William GERNOUN, d'argent a iij peus[=pales] undes de gulys--Roll, temp. ED. II.
    Paly wavy of six, gules and argent--GERNON.
    Sire William de VALOYNES, oundee de long de argent e de goules--Ibid.
    Monsire Warren de VALOINES, port pale de vi peeces unde d'or et gules--Roll, temp. ED. III.
    Paly dancetty of six or and gules, all per saltire counterchanged--POUGES.
    Paly embattled of eight argent and gules--WIGLEY, co. Derby.
    Paly nebuly of six gules and or--MOLEYNS.

Paly bendy lozengy.

But further, in the combination with the bend, &c., a diversity is produced, which has already been referred to under bendy paly, more frequently called paly bendy. One coat of arms is blazoned paly bendy lozengy. And though the term lozengy may seem redundant it appears drawn as in the margin in the note-book of the late Mr.Wyatt Papworth, and varying somewhat from the figure of paly bendy. Paly pily is only another name for pily, but not necessary since the piles are drawn palewise, unless otherwise expressed. Paly saltiery is only a fanciful and vague way of blazoning the arms of POUGES, given above.

Paly bendy lozengy, or and sable--CALVERT, Lord Mayor of London. 1749.
Paly bendy or and gules--CROONE, London.

Pall, (fr. pairle, which is also occasionally used by English heralds):
1. As a charge it represents an ecclesiastical vestment known as the pallium, and symbolical of Archiepiscopal authority, e.g. the Pall was sent by Pope Gregory to Augustine in 601; see Beda, Bk. I. cap. 29. Also to Abp. Justus in 624; Ibid., Bk. II. cap. 8. In the East, however, it occurs as an episcopal ornament.
When borne as a charge, e.g. in the arms of archbishops, the lower end is always couped and fringed.

CANTERBURY-CHICHELE.

    Azure, a pastoral staff in pale or, ensigned with a cross pattée argent surmounted by a pall of the last, edged and fringed of the second, charged with four crosses pattée fitchée sable--The Archiepiscopal See of CANTERBURY.
    Impaled with argent, a chevron between three cinquefoils gules--Henry CHICHELEY, Archbishop of Canterbury, 1414-43.
    Sable, a cross argent in the dexter chief the archiepiscopal pall proper--Benedictine Abbey of St.Augustin at CANTERBURY.
    Argent, a bishop's pall sable; in chief a stag's head erased gules--CUNNINGHAME, Scotland.

    Similar insignia to those borne by the See of CANTERBURY were formerly borne by the See of YORK, but with the field gules. Those of ARMAGH are the same as Canterbury, and those of DUBLIN have one more cross.
    2. As a sub-ordinary the pall may be described as a figure of the shape of the letter Y.
    All three arms are to be drawn throughout. The figure with the three arms couped and pointed would be blazoned as the Shakefork, q.v.

Argent, a pall sable; on a chief or, a dragon passant gules, between two chaplets of the last leaved vert--SHERIFFE, London, 1761.

KELVERDON.

A pall is but rarely subject to modification like the ordinaries. In one case it is reversed in another patonce. The term cross pall also occurs which cannot be a cross at all, but is supposed to mean merely the pall used as a subordinary, that is with the members drawn throughout.

    Gules, a pall reversed ermine--KELVERDON, or KELDON, Essex.
    Gules, a pall[ending in points] patonce between three estoiles argent--HARROLD.
    Gules, a cross pall, argent--DEYCHETER, Germany.

The terms per pall and in pall also occur, but they are written with the French form per pairle and in pairle.

Per pairle reversed or gules and ermine over all a tau azure--LYLSEY, Harl. MS. 1386, fo. 66.
Gules, three swords in pairle hilts meeting in the centre argent--BRISAC.

Palm, (fr. palme), and Palm-tree, (fr. palmier): the branches are symbols of victory, though not frequently used in English heraldry: in French heraldry they are common. With this may be associated the Cocoa-nut tree, and the China Cokar.

    In a landscape field a fountain, thereout issuing a palm-tree all proper--FRANCO, St.Catharine Coleman, London: granted 1760.
    Argent, an ape sejant on a heart holding a palm branch proper--VAULT.
    Argent, a mural[i.e. embattled] fesse gules, charged with three palm branches of the field between six Cornish choughs proper--MORRALL, co. Salop.
    De gueules, à six palmes d'or, les tiges ajoutées en cœur--MESSEMÉ, Poitou.
    Argent, a cocoa-nut tree fructed proper growing out of a mount, in base vert on a chief azure a shakefork between a martlet in the dexter and a salmon naiant in the sinister holding in the mouth an annulet or--GLASGOW, Mount Grenon, recorded 1807.
    Quarterly, azure and ermine, on a bend or, three cocoa-nut trees eradicated proper--BRAE, Bengal.
    Argent, a China cokar-tree vert--ABANK.
    A palm-tree is borne in the arms granted to Earl NELSON, also in those of the family of CORNFOOT, and palm branches in families of MONTGOMERY, KENNAWAY, &c.

Paly. See under Pale.
Pamé, (fr.): of a fish with a gaping mouth, and as if gasping.
Pampre, (fr.): a vive-shoot.
Panache, (fr.): a plume, q.v.
Panes: pieces or rather squares[as we say a pane of glass]. Some heralds have blazoned a cross quarterly pierced, (q.v.) §5, as 'chequy of nine panes.' But the word is an old word, occuring as it does in the siege of Caerlaverock signifying the large square of the banner. Cf. also pannes, i.q. pieces of fur. See under Ermine.

  Guillemes de LEYBOURNE aussi         Baniere i ot o larges pans               
  Vaillans homs, sanz mez et sans si,  De inde, o sis blans lyouns rampans.     
                                         Roll of Carlaverock, A.D. 1300.

Panettes, (fr.): Poplar leaves.
Pannes. See Furs.
Pansy, (fr. pensée): occurs in both English and French arms.

    Vert, on a chevron argent between three plates each charges with a pyncheon(or goldfinch) as many pansies slipped proper--Henry MORGAN, Bishop of Sr.David's, 1554-59; granted 1553.
    Argent, three fleurs-de-lis vert on a chief azure a pansy between two fleurs-de-lis or--WOOLBALL, London.
    Gules, on a bend or three pansy-flowers proper, stalked and leaved vert--PASKIN.
    D'argent, à trois fleurs de pansées d'azur--BABUT, Bourbonnais et Nivernais.

Panther, (fr. panthère): this beast is always borne gardant, and generally incensed, that is to say, with flames issuing from its mouth and ears, as in the case of the dexter supporter of the Earl of Pomfret. With the panther may be grouped the lynx(fr. loup cervier) and the ounce, both of which occur in several arms, the latter being found at an early date.

    Or, on a fesse azure between three panthers passant proper a pansey of the first between two lilies argent--NORTHEY, Bocking, Essex.
    Per fesse ermine and sable, in base a panther passant of the first, in chief two mascles of the second--DANIELL, Truro, Cornwall.
    Azure, three panther's heads erased proper--SMITH.
    Sire Johan de HAMME, de azur, a un cheveron de or e iij demy lyns de or--Roll, temp. ED. II.
    Sable, three lynxes passant gardant argent--LYNCH.
    Argent, on a chevron azure between three lynx's heads erased sable as many crescents ermine--NICOLLS, Mershland, Norfolk.
    Sable, three ounces statant in pale or, spotted of the first--Sir James BOURCHER, 1610.
    Argent, on a bend sable three ounces passant or--WATONE.
    Sable, on a fesse argent between three ounces[otherwise cat a-mountains] passant gardant or as many escallops gules--HILL, co. Berks.
    Argent, on a pile azure three ounce's heads erased of the first--JOHNSON, Milton-Brian, co. Bedford.

Paon, (fr.): Peacock.
Papal Crown. See Tiara.
Papegay, i.q. Popinjay. See Parrot.
Papillon, (fr.): Butterfly, and Papillonné(fr.): scaled, as of a Butterfly.
Paradis, Oiseau de: Bird of Paradise, found only in French arms(e.g. family of PARADIS, Limosin).
Paradise: the device of Adam and Eve on either side of a tree, occurs in two coats of arms.

Argent, on a mount vert a representation of the Tree of Life[? Knowledge] environed with a serpent, on the dexter side thereof a male figure, and on the sinister a female(representing Adam and Eve); at the bottom of the tree a rabbit all proper--MACKLEAN, Scotland.
Azure, on a mount in base vert the tree of Paradise environed with the serpent between Adam and Eve all proper--Company of FRUITERERS, London.

Parapet: mentioned in one case under Castle.
Parcel: sometimes used instead of bundle, e.g. of spears, of bird bolts, of ears of wheat, &c.
Pard. See Leopard.
Paring-knife. See Currier's Shave.

Palings.

Park: the idea of a park is a circular space enclosed with pales, and having a gate in front. Park pales are usually represented as in the margin.

    Argent, a mount vert, a stag lodged within park pales and gate all proper--Town of DERBY.
    Ermine, on a mount vert issuing from park palings with gate proper a lion rampant or holding in the dexter paw a scimetar all proper; on a chief indented sable two lions rampant argent--BURE; quartering Davis, Higford, and Scudamore.
    A pine-tree or, leaved vert, fructed proper, enclosed with pales argent and sable, nails counterchanged--Crest of PINFOLD, co. Bedford.

Parliament Robe. See Robe.
Parroquet. See Parrot.
Parrot, (fr. perroquet): is found in a few modern arms, but the more usual term is the old name Popinjay or Papegay, (fr. Papegaut, ital. Papagallo): the parrot when blazoned proper should be vert, beaked and membered gules. The old form papegai occurs very frequently in the old rolls of arms from Hen III. onwards. One coat bears wood wallises, by which some consider parrots to be meant, but possibly doves. In one case the wings only occur.

BP.SENHOUSE.

    Per pale argent and gules, in the dexter fesse point a parrot russet beaked and legged or--SENHOUSE, Cumberland[also Richard SENHOUSE, Bp. of Carlisle, 1624-26].
    Richard le FITZ MARMADUKE, de goules, ung fece et troys papegeyes d'argent a ung baston d'azure sur tout--Roll, temp. HEN. III.
    Sire Richard FITZ MARMADUKE, de goules, a une fesse e iij papingais de argent e un baston de azure--Roll, temp. ED. II.
    Sire Johan FIZ MARMADUC, de goules, a une fesse e iij papingays de argent--Ibid.
    Marmaduk de TWENGE, d'argent, a trois papegayes de vert ung fece de goules--Roll, temp. HEN. III.
    Sire Marmaduc de TUENGE, de argent, a une fesse de goules e iij papingais de vert--Roll, temp. ED. II.
    Monsire de THWENGE, port d'argent, a une fes de gules entre trois popageis vert--Roll, temp. ED. III.
    Sire Robert de LOMELEYE, de goules, a une fesse e iij papingais de argent; en la fesse iij moles de sable--Roll, temp. ED. II.
    Argent, a fesse gules between three parrots proper, gorged with collars of the second--LUMLEY, Middlesex; and co. York.
    Or, a parrot close vert, legged gules--POYNER, co. Salop.
    Or, three parroquets vert--CHAUNCELER, Brafferton, co. Durham.
    D'argent, à trois perroquets de sinople becqués et membrés de gueules--CHAMPS, Normandie.
    Azure, two chevrons or between three wood wallises[? doves] proper--PINFOLD, Dunstable, co. Bedford; granted 1601.
    Argent, on a fesse engrailed gules between three parrot's wings expanded and addorsed azure as many bezants each charged with a parrot's head erased sable--GEORGE.

Parsley leaves seems to be used in a solitary example.

Or, a lion rampant sable between three parsley leaves vert--CLAPPESON.

Biparted.

Parted is not strictly a heraldic term, but it is used by some writers in compounds such as biparted, triparted, &c. The term is applied to the Cross, see §8. Biparted has also been used to signify notching, as in the margin, and triparted has been used for the French tiercé, but none of these terms are needed, and do not occur in any correct blazon.
Parted. See Party.
Partition, lines of. See Party per.
Partridge, (fr. perdrix): occurs tolerably frequently both in English and French arms. In the arms of GREGOR there is a play upon the name, it being Cornish for Partridge.

    Gules, on a fesse argent between three lions rampant or as many partridges proper--PARTRIDGE.
    Argent, a chevron gules between three partridges proper--GREGOR, Trewarthenick, Cornwall.
    Gules, a fesse between three partridges argent a bendlet azure--FITZMARMADUKE, Nottingham. [See ante under Parrot.]
    Vert, a garb between three partridges or--SAXBY, Chafford, Kent; granted 1751.
    Argent, a chevron sable between three partridges proper--ELD, co. Stafford, 1574.
    Azure, a hawk seizing a partridge argent; on a chief of the last three bolts of the first--KNOWLES.
    D'azur, à trois perdrix d'or--RAMBOUILLET, Lorraine.

HAWLEY.

ASTON.

FLEETWOOD.

BRAUNDESTON.

Party, (fr. parti): signifies that the field is divided, the name of some ordinary being added to shew in what direction; the term, however, may be applied also to ordinaries and to charges of all kinds, and even to crests and supporters. Many heralds say per bend, &c., considering the word party to be unnecessary. The term part per pale is perhaps the most used, and very frequently the charge superimposed is party also, the tinctures being counterchanged. But besides these party per fesse, per chevron, and per saltire are not infrequent. Party per pile is somewhat rare, while instead of party per cross the term quarterly(q.v.) is nearly always used. But the party may be considerably varied, as the per pale, fesse, bend, &c., may be subjected to the same variations as the ordinary itself, i.e. it may be per bend indented, per fesse nebuly, &c. Again there may be a combination, such as party per pale and per chevron. In the Earl of PEMBROKE'S arms, in the second roll, the term en lung, i.q. en long=palewise. Cf. arms of GERNON under Paly. See also under Lincoln.

    Le Conte MARESCHALL, party d'or et de vert, ung lion rampant goules--Roll, temp. HEN. III.
    Le Conte de PENNBROK, Party d'or e de vert, a un lion rampant, party de or e de goules en lung--Another roll, temp. HEN. III.
    Herbert le FITZ MAHEWE, party d'azur et de goulz, ove trois leonseux rampants d'or--Ibid.
    Le Conte de LEISTER ... Et le Banner party endentee d'argent et de goules--Ibid.
    Sire Richard de AUNTESHEYE, parti de or et de argent, e oundee de goules--Roll, temp. ED. II.
    Monsire Richard PLACE, port parte d'or et de gules, une lyon passant d'argent--Roll, temp. ED. III.
    Party per bend, or and vert--HAWLEY.
    [Party] per bend sinister ermine and ermines, a lion rampant or--Matthias MAWSON, Bp. of Llandaff, 1740; of Ely, 1754-70. [Also in several other Welsh coats of arms].
    Party per fesse or and gules, in chief a demi-rose gules with two eagle's heads issuing therefrom sable, and from each side an eagle's wing of the last, in base a demi-sun or--KNIGHT, Bp. of Bath and Wells, 1541-47.
    Party per chevron, sable and argent--ASTON, co. Lancashire. [An example of the colour being uppermost and the metal below, contrary to the usual practice.]
    Party per saltire, ermine and gules--RESTWOLD, Bucks.
    Party per pale nebuly azure and or, six martletts counterchanged; a crescent for difference--FLEETWOOD, Bp. of S.Asaph, 1708; afterwards of Ely, 1714-23.
    Per bend sinister, embattled argent and gules--BYLES.
    Per bend indented, gules and or--FERNE, co. Stafford.
    Per fesse wavy argent and barry wavy of four azure and or--BARLE.
    Per fesse dancetty argent and sable, each point terminating in a fleur de lis--WOODMERTON.
    Party per pale and per chevron, counterchanged or and azure--Henry de BRAUNDESTON, Bp. of Salisbury, 1287-88.

CHRISTOPHERSON.

The French heralds employ special terms for some of the varieties of their partitions, (fr. partitions). Parti alone signifies pary per pale; coupé signifies party per fesse; tranché signifies party per bend; and taillé signifies party per bend sinister; while the two together produce party per saltire. They also employ a term tiercé, which signifies the division of the field either per fesse or per pale into three parts. This division does not seem generally to be used in English arms, though sometimes in rare cases three coats are marshalled, one above the other. Also something at first sight like "parti et tiercé en fasce" occurs in the arms of CHRISTOPHERSON, which, however, is differently blazoned.

    Argent, a lion rampant gules langued azure--ARMENIA, impaling JERUSALEM and azure, three bars argent, over all a lion rampant gules azure; all tierced.--Harl. MS. 6829, fol. 46.
    Quarterly, first and fourth azure a cross bottonnée gules second and third gules, three suns in splendour or--CYPRUS; On a chief party per pale gules and azure three cinquefoils counterchanged--John CHRISTOPHERSON, Bp. of Chichester, 1537-58.
    Coupé de sable et d'or--HOUTTEVILLE, Normandie.
    Parti, au 1 d'argent coupé sur sinople; au 2 de gueules--FERRUS, Dauphiné.
    Tranché d'or et de sable, diapré de l'un en l'autre--ALLAMANON, Provence.
    Tranché taillé d'argent et d'azur--BLANC, Dauphiné.
    Tiercé en fasce; au 1 d'or au lion leopardé de gueules; au 2 de sinople; au 3 d'hermine plein--Le ROY DE BARDE, Picardie.
    Tiercé en pal; au 1 d'hermine; au 2 de gueules à une étoile à dix rais d'argent; au 3 de contre-hermine--LE GOUX, Bourgogne.

Paschal Lamb. See Lamb.
Pascuant, (fr.) or Paissant: applied only to cattle grazing with the head touching the ground. If the head is in the usual position statant would be employed.
Passant: a word used to express the position of a beast walking past, most frequently applied to the Lion, q.v. If gardant be not added, his head musk look straight before him.
    Counter passant, or repassant: passant towards the sinister.
    Passant counter passant, or Passant repassant: is used of two animals passing each other in contrary directions. The beast passing towards the sinister, should be in front.
    Passant applied to the Cross(see under Banner) is thought to be equivalent to throughout, but probably means rather over all.

    Walter de BERG, eskartile dargent et de goules a une croyz de goules passant--Roll, temp. HEN. III.
    Baudewin de FRIVILLE, de veyr a une croyz passant de goules--Ibid.
    Le roy de CHIPRE, de vert besanté de goules a un croyz dor passant--Ib.

Passé en sautoir, (fr.): of tails of lions, or any other like charges, crossed in saltire.

Passion Nails.

Passion, Implements of the: so many coats of arms were connected directly or indirectly with religious institutions, that it is not surprising that the Implements of the Passion were pressed into the service of Heraldry. The most frequent, however, are the Passion nails(fr. clous de la Passion): they are generally drawn square and with a pyramidical head. The Cross of Calvary has already been referred to, §15. In carvings, both in wood and stone, the Implements of the Passion are very frequently represented on shields, but as religious, not heraldic, symbols. It may be added that some heralds have gone so far as to ascribe coat-armour to our Lord, in which all the various implements of the Passion are pourtrayed. But such is an instance only of the abuse of heraldry, not its use.

    .... a cross between the instruments of the Passion--Seal of Philip de REPINGDON, Bishop of Lincoln, 1405-20.
    Argent, three Passion nails gules meeting in point--WISHART, Brechin, Scotland.
    Argent, three Passion nails pileways in point embrued--Robert GUOTHART, M.D., 1750.
    Sable, two bars argent, on a canton of the second a garb between four Passion nails or--DEDWOOD.
    Gules, a lion rampant argent within an orle of eight Passion(or Calvary) nails or--BREEDON, 1783.
    Argent, nine Passion nails sable meeting in point in threes, two, and one--TONYN.
    D'argent, à trois clous de la Passion, deux en chef et un en pointe--GONANDOUR, Bretagne.

Passion-nail. See Nail.
Pastoral Staff. See under Crosier.
Patenôtre, (fr.): a chaplet of beads. Also Cross pater noster, §8.
Patonce. See Cross patonce, §27.
Patriarchal Cross. See Cross Patriarchal.
Patriarchal Staff. See Staff.
Patrick, arms attributed to S., viz. Argent, a saltire gules occurs in the Union Jack. See under Flag. This Cross really represents the arms of Fitz-Gerald and dates only from 1783.
Patrick, Order of. See Knights.
Patte, (fr.): fluke of an anchor.
Pattée, (fr.): spreading; chiefly applied to the Cross, §26.

Cutting-knife.

Pattens are borne only by the Company of PATTEN-MAKERS, in whose arms they are associated with the cutting-knife, an implement used in the manufacture, and which is shewn in the margin.

Gules, on a chevron argent between three pattens or, tied of the second, the ties lined azure, two cutting-knives conjoined sable--Company of PATTEN-MAKERS, London[Inc. 1670].

Pattes, (fr.): paws. See Gambes.
Paumy. See Apaumy.
Paus. See Pale.
Pavier's Pick. See Pick-axe.
Pavillion. See Tent.
Pavon. See Flag.
Paw. See Gambe, and examples under Ape, Lion, and Seal.
Peacock, (fr. paon): a few families bear this bird in their arms. It is usually borne affronté, with the head turned towards the dexter and with the tail expanded, when the peacock is said to be in his pride. The pea-hen is also found.

PAWNE.

    Argent, three peacocks in their pride proper--PAWNE.
    Argent, three peacocks in pride proper--MUNT; PAWNE, 1716; PEACOCK, Bridge End, Scotland.
    Argent, on a fesse gules between three peacocks in their pride proper a castle of the first, inter two bezants--SMYTH, Dublin.
    Argent, a fesse vair between three peacock's heads erased gules collared or--RIDGEWAY, co. Devon.
    Argent, a Cross gules between four peacocks close proper--SMITH, Baron CARRINGTON, co. Warwick, 1643.
    Sable, a bend between three peacock's heads and necks erased argent--GELOUER.
    Quarterly argent and azure, a cross quarterly ermines and gold between four peahens collared counterchanged--Edmund GRINDALL, Bp. of London, 1559; Abp. of York, 1570; Canterbury, 1576-83; granted 1559.

Pean. See Ermine.
Peantré, (fr.): of tails of fishes of a particular tincture.
Pear, (fr. poire): this, like other fruits, may be pendent, erected, or barwise. The kind called the Warden-pear is borne by the family of WARDEN, of WARDON Priory, Bedfordshire; but it is not to be distinguished in the drawing from any other species of pear. The Pear-tree(fr. poirier) is also found.

ABBOT.

    Gules, a chevron between three pears stalked or--George ABBOT, Bp. of Lichfield, 1609; Bp. of London, 1610; Abp. of Cant., 1611-33.
    Argent, a fesse between three pears sable--City of WORCESTER.
    Vert, a fesse or, in chief three pears slipped pendent of the second--PARINCHEFF.
    Argent, a saltire sable between four pears pendent gules--KELLOWAY.
    Argent, three warden-pears leaved vert--WARDEN.
    Or, a pear-tree vert fructed proper--PERITON.

Pearl. See Argent.
Peascods appear in one or two coats of arms. These of HARDBEAN seem to arise from an error in blazon(see Bean). The term pea-rise for pea-stalk with leaves and flowers is given by heraldic writers, but its use in blazon has not been observed.

Argent, on a fesse azure between three roses in chief gules and as many peascods, in base vert a sword barways of the first hilt and pomel or--COLLISON, Auchloumes; COLLISONE, Scotland.
Argent, a crescent gules between three peascods fesswise vert--HARDBEANE or HATBEANE.

Pecking, sometimes used of Birds.
Ped, (old fr.): foot. See arms of MORTYMER under Fleur-de-lys; also under Eagle.
Pedestal. See Pillar.
Pee, (old fr.): foot. See arms of MAN under Leg.

PISTOR.

Peel: a baker's shovel. This occurs chiefly in the arms belonging to the several families of PISTOR It is blazoned sometimes as bearing three manchets or small cakes, at others three loaves, and at others(wrongly) three plates.

    Argent, on a baker's peel in pale sable three manchets of the first, two and one--PISTOR, Linc. and Suff.
    Argent, on a baker's peel sable a crescent or between three plates--PISTER,
    Sable, three oval peels or--KILL, Kill, Scotland.

Peel, i.q. Pile.
Peer. See Duke, Marquess, &c.
Peg. See Wedge.
Peg-top. See Top.
Pegasus: a representation of the winged horse well known in classical mythology. The old seal of the Knights Templars is said to have borne the device of two knights on one horse, and it is not improbable that to some rough representation of this device the members of the Society had given the name of the classical Pegasus, and so adopted it in their arms. It is frequently used as a crest.

INNER TEMPLE.

    Azure, a pegasus salient or--Society of the INNER TEMPLE, London. [Assumed temp. Elizabeth.]
    Azure, on a bend argent, a pegasus in full speed sable--MILDMAY, Essex(granted May 20, 1552).
    Azure, goutty argent, a pegasus of the second--Michael DRAYTON the poet[ob. 1631, from his tomb in Westminster Abbey].
    The pegasus also appears in the arms granted to the family of CAVALER in 1554; and appears in that of BIRCHENSHAW-QUIN; MACQUEEN, Bedford; and QUIN-WYNDHAM, Earl of Dunraven, &c.
    Two pegasi argent, wings endorsed maned and crined or; on the wings three bars wavy, form the supporters to the arms of the city of EXETER.

In connection with the Pegasus, or winged horse, may be named other monstrosities composed of animals with wings, such as the winged lion, the winged bull, the winged stag, and the winged snake or python. The first two of these occur amongst the Evangelistic symbols, q.v. in arms of REYNOLDS.

    Azure, a winged bull rampant or--CADENET.
    Argent, a stag trippant with wings attached to the buttock and hind legs proper; between the attires an antique crown or--JONES, co. Brecon.
    Argent, a python regardant; in chief three teals proper--TEALE, London(granted 1723).

Peigne, (fr.): Combe.

FOX.

Pelican, (fr. pelican): this bird is usually drawn with her wings endorsed, and wounding her breast with her beak, i.e. vulning herself. When in her nest feeding her young with her blood, she is said to be in her piety.

    Azure, a pelican in piety or, vulned proper--Richard FOX, Bishop of Bath and Wells, 1492; afterwards of Durham, 1494, and then of Winchester, 1501-1528. [Founder of Corpus Christi College, Oxford.]
    Argent, a pelican in piety sable--CANTRELL, Monsall, co. Lancaster; and BURY, Suffolk.
    Sable, a pelican in piety wings displayed inverted argent vulned gules, nest or--LYNDE.
    Azure, a cross between in dexter chief and sinister base a pelican and her nest, but in sinister chief and dexter base a cinquefoil argent--FOWLER, Scotland.
    Gules, a fesse or; in chief two pelicans vulning themselves of the last--LECHMERE, Rhyd, co. Worcester; Baronetcy, 1818.
    Argent, on a chevron azure between three pelicans in piety sable, three cinquefoils or--CRANMER, Abp. of Canterbury, 1533.
    Azure, a bend or between three pelicans feeding their young argent--CRAMOND or CRAWMOND, Auldbar, Scotland.

SCORY.

A pelican's head erased or otherwise detached from the body must always be drawn in the same position. It must therefore be separated as low as the upper part of the breast.

Or, three pelican's heads erased sable; on a chief azure, a fleur-de-lys between two mullets of the first--John SCORY, Bp. of Rochester, 1551; of Chichester, 1552; of Hereford, 1559-85.
Party per pale argent and gules, three pelican's heads in piety counterchanged; on a chief azure three fleurs-de-lys or--DAVIES, Bp. of S.Asaph, 1560; afterwards of S.David's, 1561-81.

CLARKE.

Pellet, or gunstone, (fr. ogresse, but more frequently torteau de sable) is a roundlet sable. The term pellet, spelt in various ways, is found in ancient rolls, and is used by Chaucer, e.g. 'as suyfte as a pellet out of a gonne.' Hence, perhaps, the later name gunstone. The word ogress, borrowed from the French, is also found used by English heralds. In the ancient rolls the tincture of the pellet is not confined to sable, being used in the sense of roundel, q.v.

    Argent, on a bend gules between three ogresses as many swans proper--CLARKE, co. Northampton.
    Monsire Olyver de DYNHAM, gules a trois pelots d'or; labell d'azure--Roll, temp. ED. III.
    Monsire de HUNTINGFELD, port d'or, sur fes gules trois pelotts d'argent--Ibid.
    Monsire William de WISTOWE, d'argent a une chevron et trois pellets de gules en le chief--Ibid.
    Argent, three bars sable; in chief as many pellets--HUMBERSTON.
    Argent, six gunstones sable--LACYE.
    Argent, a fesse sable; in chief three ogresses--LANGLEY, co. Gloucester.
    Argent, a battle-axe gules between three ogresses--MORSE.
    D'argent, à trois tourteaux de sable--BURET, Normandie.

Pelletty is used sometimes for semé of pellets.

Gules, a hind courant argent, between three pheons or, within a bordure of the last pelletty--HUNT.
Argent, two bars gules; over all a lion rampant double queued or pelletty--BRANDON, Chamberlain of London.

CHANDELER.

Pen: this device is found in few coats of arms. In one ancient roll the word penne is used for feather, drawn as in the margin, e.g. in Arms of COUPENNE.

    .... three pens two and one, points towards the base--CHANDELER, Bp. of Salisbury, 1417-26.
    Sire Renaud de COUPENNE, de goules a vi pennes de argent--Roll, temp. ED. II.
    Gules, three writing pens argent--COWPEN.
    Or, a bend sable between three pens gules--RIDELL.
    Per pale argent and sable a chevron between in chief a writing pen fesswise and in base a crescent counterchanged--ALEXANDER, Boghall.

Pencell, Pencil, or Pensell. See Pennoncelle, under Flag.
Pendent: hunting down, as a leaf of fruit with the stalk upwards: in one case applied to a crescent(q.v.) it would seem to imply that the horns are to be drawn downwards.
Penne, (fr.): a feather of a bird borne in a cap. See Pen.

A penner and ink-horn.

Penner and Ink-horn: that the materials for writing should find a place in heraldic devices is not extraordinary. The most marked example is the penner as exhibited in the insignia of the SCRIVENERS' Company. The Sand-box is also found in one coat.

Azure, an eagle displayed holding in the beak a penner and inkhorn, standing on a book fesswise closed, the clasps downwards or--Company of SCRIVENERS, London, [Inc. 1616].
Gules, a chevron between three writing sand-boxes reversed issuing sand or--SANDON, Horton.

Pennon. See Flag.
Penny yard penny. See Medal.
Pensées, (fr.): Pansies.
Pepper-pods: one instance only of this device has been observed.

Argent, three pepper-pods sable--BITLEY.

Perch, (1.) (lat. pertica): this fish is scarely found in any English arms. The French Chabot-our Miller's Thumb-(lat. cottus gobis) is found in the arms of a French family connected with England.

Argent, a perch azure--BERSICH.
Or, three chabots gules--CHABOT, France[Philip Chabot, Lord High Admiral of France, was elected Knight of the Garter at Calais, 1532].

(2.) Perch. Birds are sometimes represented perched(fr. perché), i.e. standing on a perch. See under Falcon.
Perche de daym; attires.
Perched, (fr. perché): of a bird resting on a perch or on a tree.
Perclose. The perclose of a garter is the lower part with the buckle, &c.
Perforated. See Pierced.
Peruke: erroneously used in the blazon of the arms of HARMAN, Kent, for Ostrich feathers. See Plume.
Pery, (fr. peri): this term is said by some heralds to be used to signify that a charge(a chain for instance) does not reach to the sides of the shield. With French heralds it seems to be applied especially to fillets where couped might be used with us.
Pestle. See Mortar.
Petiz beestez occurs so written in a roll, but the meaning is uncertain.

Azure, three herons argent 'petiz beestez' (sic in orig.) or--Sir Godard and Sir Roger HERON, Roll, temp. HEN. III.

Petronel: a small gun.
Peuz, i.q. Pales.
Pewit. See Lapwing.
Phare, (fr.): Beacon.
Pheasant, (fr. faisan): this bird is by no means an uncommon bearing in English arms, and is subjected to the same variations as birds generally. The Mitus heads have been thought to represent a bird of the pheasant kind(fr. mitou).

    Azure, three pheasants or, membered and beaked gules--FESIANT.
    Azure, three pheasant cocks or--READE.
    Or, on a pale vert, on a chief gules a pheasant argent, all within a bordure azure charged with eight estoiles of the last--PAYZANT.
    Azure, on a fesse between three pheasant cocks or as many crossbows sable--READ.
    Argent, on a bend azure three pheasants or in chief a crescent(? for diff.) of the second--OGILL, Poppill, Scotland.
    Ermine, a chevron gules between three cock pheasant's heads erased azure--PETYTT, Suffolk.
    Argent, three mitus' heads(of the pheasant kind) proper--BROWNESHAUGH.
    [Pheasants also appear to be borne in the arms of the following families, but there are often variations in the blazon as to the kind of bird intended. STANNICH, co. Chester; CHOPIN; TOMKINS, co. Hereford; ZEKETH; JERVEIS, co. Worcester; O'COWICK; PHESANT; NORTH, co. Hants; BRYSILLY, &c.]

SYDNEY.

PARKER.

Pheon, or Pheon head, written also feon: the head of a dart, barbed, and engrailed on the inner side; the broad arrow being in this respect plain. Its position is with the point downward, unless otherwise blazoned. The French synonym is perhaps fer de fleche, but fer de lance, fer de javelot, and fer de hallebarde are also similar.
Pheons are occasionally borne shafted and feathered.

    Or, a pheon azure--SYDNEY, Earl of Leicester.
    Azure, a pheon argent, a bordure or, entoyre of torteaux--SHARP, Abp. of York, 1691-1714.
    Argent, three escutcheons sable, on each a pheon or--PARKER.
    Or, three escutcheons sable, on each a broad arrow-head[pheon] of the field--Henry PARKER, Fryth Hall, Essex[granted Feb. 21, 1537].
    Sable, three pheons, their outer edges engrailed argent--LOTHAM.
    Argent, a bend vair between three escutcheons sable, each charged with a pheon of the field; a bordure engrailed gules bezanty--BRIGGS, Halifax.
    Sable, a pheon inverted argent; a canton or--JACKSON.
    Sable, two pheons in saltire argent--PEARLE.
    Sable, three pheons shafted rompu argent--NICOLLS, Middlesex.
    Argent, nine pheons meeting in point, six in chief and three in base, sable--JOHNSON, co. Chester.

The term pheoned is also used of arrows to describe the tincture of the heads.

Azure, on a chevron gules between in chief two sheaves each of six arrows interlaced saltirewise of the second flighted and pheoned argent, and in base a bow stringed fesswise of the last, three bezants--SHOTTER, Farnham, Surrey.
Azure, a chevron between three sheaves of five arrows or, flighted and pheoned argent, pointed and banded gules--BRICKDALE, co. Somerset.

Phillip: a Sparrow, q.v.
Phœnix, (fr. phenix); an imaginary bird resembling the eagle, represented issuing from flames. See badge of JANE SEYMOUR, under Castle.

Sable, a phœnix argent--CAINE.
Gules, a phœnix argent, in flames proper--FENWICK, of that Ilk, Scotland.

With the Phœnix may be noted the Salamander, (fr. Salamandre): a fictitious reptile represented as a lizard in the midst of flames.

Argent, a lion rampant gules on a chief sable a salamander in fire proper--DUNDAS.
Azure, a salamander or in a flame proper--CENINO, Italy.

Pick-axe: it has been supposed that the old French pieces in the following arms may mean picks or pick-axes, in allusion to the name of the bearer rather than to the natural meaning of the expression, viz. silver coins. See also under Axe.

Monsire de PICKWORTH, gules, a une bend entre vj pierces d'argent--Roll, temp. ED. III.

Pie. See Magpie; also Seapie, under Lapwing.
Pieces, (old fr. peeces): used of bars, &c.; e.g. 'undé d'or et gules de six peeces.'
Pied, en:=(1) upright, (2) at the base of the shield.
Pied coupé, (fr.): of charges of which the lower part is wanting.
Pierced, (fr. percé): applied to any bearing which is perforated, the tincture of the field or charged on which it is placed being seen through the aperture, (fr. ajouré). If a different tincture be seen it should be blazoned as voided. See e.g. examples under Mullet.

HODSTOKE.

As to the form of the aperture it is doubtful as regards the ancient arms whether it should be circular, or should follow the outline of the charge. In modern arms pierced implies a circular aperture, though Crosses are sometimes square pierced, and lozenge pierced. See §9, and §5; and voided is used when the aperture follows the outline.
Pierced with an arrow generally means the same as transfixed. A singular, and perhaps single, instance of an ordinary piercing or perforating another is:--

Or, a chevron gules pierced with[or perforated by] a bend ermine[otherwise a bend ermine perforating a chevron gules]--HODSTOKE, or HADSTOCK, Suffolk.

Piety, In her. See Pelican.
Pigeon, (fr. pigeon): see Dove.
Pignon, (fr.): gable.
Pike, (the fish). See Lucy.
Pike-staff. See Staff.
Pile, (fr. pile): an ordinary which has been supposed to represent a stake used in the construction of a military bridge, but may well have had its origin like the pale, fesse, or bend in the constructive details of the shield. As will be seen, there are various forms of the name, and it is subjected also to difference in outline. The charge is found frequently in the old rolls of arms.

CHANDOS.

    Or, a pile gules--CHANDOS, Baron Chandos. [Summoned to Parliament, 1337.]
    Rauf de BASSETT, d'or a trois pales de goulz, ung quartre de ermyne--Roll, temp. HEN. III.
    Guy de BRIAN, d'azur a trois piles d'or--Ibid.
    Sire Rauf BASSET, de or a iij peus de goules e un quarter de ermyne--Roll, temp. ED. II.
    Sire Johan MAUDUT, de goules a iij peuz daunces de or--Ibid.
    Sire William GERNOUN, d'argent, a iij peus undes de goulys--Ibid.
    Sire Robert de FORNEUS, de argent a un pel engrele de sable--Ibid.
    Sire Johan de CHAUNDOS, de argent a un peel de goules e un label de azure--Ibid.
    Monsire Rafe BASSET, port d'argent a trois piles gules a une quarter d'ermine--Roll, temp. ED. III.
    Monsire Edward SHANDOS, argent a une pile gules une labell asure--Ibid.

HULSE.

Sir Guy de BRYAN.

HACKET.

WROTON.

According to the somewhat arbitrary rules of later heralds, a single pile uncharged should occupy one third of the breadth of the chief, but if charged it may be double that width. Piles are to be drawn in a perpendicular position, with the points downwards, reaching to, or nearly to, the base point, unless otherwise directed; but they are to be found in bend and in fesse, and it is not uncommon to designate some point in the edge of the shield from which they should start, and one at which they should end, unless they are to be drawn throughout. The blazon is consequently often very intricate, as will be seen from the examples. If the pile is simply reversed, i.e. with the point upwards, it is blazoned as transposed. When a pile is pierced it is said that a lozenge shape is intended.

    Argent, two piles sable--HULSE, Cheshire.
    Ermine, two piles in point[i.e. meeting in or near the middle base point] sable--HOLLES, co. Lincoln.
    Or, three piles[meeting] in point azure--Sir Guy de BRYAN, (ob. 1390).
    Or, three piles azure--Reginald BRIAN, Bp. of S.David's, 1350; of Worcester, 1353-61.
    Sable, three piles in point argent; on a chief gules a lion passant gardant or--John HACKET, Bp. of Lichfield, 1661-70.
    Azure, a pile issuing from the base in bend sinister or--KAGG.
    Argent, a pile between two others reversed[or three piles, one issuing from the chief between two others transposed sable--HULLES, Cheshire and Berkshire. [Another branch of the family from one before named.]
    Argent, three piles; two issuant from the chief and one from the base gules, each charged with an antique crown or--GRANT, Bishops Waltham, co. Hants.
    Sable, a chevron ermine between three piles--CATER, London.
    Argent, out of the dexter base side a pile flected and reflected sable--BOIS.
    Azure, a pile wavy in bend[otherwise issuing bendwise from the dexter chief] or--ALDAM, Kent and Sussex.
    Argent, a fesse wavy azure; in chief three piles issuing from the chief gules--BLAMSCHILL.
    Argent, three piles[rather a triple pile, or a pile triple pointed] flory at the points, issuing from the sinister base bendwise sable--WROTON.
    Or, a pile masoned in bend triple flory sable WROTON. [Another branch.]
    Or, a triple pile flory in bend sable[i.e. issuing from the dexter chief]--NORTON.
    Gules, three piles issuing out of the sinister side argent; on a chief of the last a crescent azure between two ermine spots--HENDERSON, Fordell, Scotland.
    Argent, three piles issuing from the dexter side throughout gules; on a chief of the first a crescent between two ermine spots sable--HENDERSON.
    Sable, three piles fesswise argent; on a chief gules a crescent between two ermine spots or, and in the centre a rose for difference--HENDERSON, co. Chester.
    Or, on a fesse, between three fleurs-de-lis azure, as many bezants; a pierced pile in chief--SAINTHILL, co. Devon.

ARUNDEL.

The term in pile and per pile are both used: the former in reference to a number of charges, six at least, being arranged in the shape of a pile, though with so few, the formula of 'three, two, and one,' really amounts to the same thing; the latter involves the shield being divided into three parts by the two lines being drawn pilewise.

    Sable, six swallows in pile argent--John ARUNDEL, Bp. of Lichfield, 1496; of Exeter, 1502-4.
    Argent, ten torteaux in pile; a pile of three points azure--Gervais BABINGTON, Bp. of Llandaff, 1591; Exeter, 1595; Worcester, 1597-1610.
    Barry of six or and sable per pile[otherwise a pile] counterchanged--William ENGHAM.

Pilia pastoralia. See Cap.
Pillow. See Cushion.

POYNTER.

Pily, or Paly pily, or Pily counter pily: is a division of the field into a certain even number of parts by piles placed perpendicularly and counterposed. The number of traits, i.e. pieces, should be mentioned, and both the pile and the interval are reckoned in the counting.
In Pily the piles are ordinarily drawn throughout, unless blazoned otherwise, as in the arms of POYNTER.

    Pily counter pily of seven traits(or pierces) or and sable, the points ending in crosses pettée, three in chief, and two in base--POYNTER.
    Pily wavy of six traits in point or and gules; over all a fesse of the first--JOHAM, Kent.
    Pily of six traits sable and argent, over all a fesse wavy gules--LOVELL, Scotland.

Some heralds use the term dancetty per long instead of pily.

Pilgrim's or Palmer's Staff, (fr. bourdon): this was used as a device in a coat of arms as early at least as Edward II.'s reign, as will be seen. The Staff and the Escallop shell(q.v.) were the badges of the pilgrim, and hence it is but natural it should find its way into the shields of those who had visited the Holy Land. The usual form of representation is like figure 1, but in some the hook is wanting, and when this is the case it is scarcely distinguishable from a pastoral staff as borne by some of the monasteries: it is shewn in figure 2. While, too, it is represented under different forms, it is blazoned, as will be seen also, under different names, e.g. a pilgrim's crutch, a crutch-staff, &c., but there is no reason to suppose that the different names can be correlated with different figures. The crutch, perhaps, should be represented with the transverse piece on the top of the staff(like the letter T) instead of across it. See Potent, also Staff.

    Sire Johan BORDOUN, de goules a iij bordons de argent--Roll, temp. ED. II.
    Argent, three pilgrim's staves(fig. 1 ) sable; the heads, ends, and rests, or--PALMER, Lincoln.
    Gules, three water-bougets or, in pale a pilgrim's staff of the last enfiled with a water-bouget in base--KIRKHAM Priory, Yorkshire.
    Barry of six argent and gules[otherwise argent, two bars gules]; over all in bend sinister a pilgrim's crutch or--Priory of SEMPRINGHAM, Lincolnshire.
    Argent, a lion rampant sable between three palmer's staves or--PALMER.
    Or, three pilgrim's staves sable. [Another branch of the family bear Azure, three pilgrim's staves or]--PILGRIM, Hertfordshire.
    Gules, a lion rampant or, over all a long cross or pilgrim's crutch in bend sinister of the last--Augustinian Priory at NEWBURGH. co. York.
    Argent, three bars gules; over all a crutch[otherwise blazoned crosier] in bend or--Gilbertine Abeey at ALVINGHAM, co. Lincoln.
    Sable, on a point wavy a lion passant or; in chief three bezants; on a canton an escallop between two palmer's staves sable--HAWKINS.
    Or, a bend between two bull's heads couped sable; on a chief argent two bars gules, surmounted by a crutch-staff in bend azure--HOLGATE, Bp. of Llandaff, 1537; Abp. of York, 1545-54.
    D'azur, à un bourdon d'or posé en bande, accompagné de trois coquilles du même, deux en chef et une en pointe--DE PELERIN, Languedoc.

Closely connected with the Pilgrim's Staff was the Pilgrim's Scrip, called also pouch or wallet, and sometimes postscrip.

  "Give me my scallop-shell of quiet,    My bottle of salvation;                
  My staff of faith to walk upon:        My gown of glory(hope's true gate)     
  My scrip of joy, immortal diet;        And thus I'll make my pilgrimage."     
                                           Sir Walter Raleigh.

Pilgrim's scrip.

This device is usually represented as in the margin, and is sometimes pendent from the staff.

    Argent, a chevron sable between three palmer's staves, with pouches hanging on them of the last garnished or--TASBOROUGH, Suffolk.
    Argent, a chevron between three postscrips(or palmer's scrips) sable, tassels and buttons. Also PALMER, Wood Court, co. Somerset.
    Azure, a chevron or between three open wallets argent, buckles and buttons of the second--TOWGOOD, Axminster, co. Devon; granted 1770.
    Argent, a bend between six pouches sable--WOLSTON, co. Cornwall.
    Sable, a bend between six pouches argent--WOLSTON, co. Devon.

Pillars: details of buildings are but rarely introduced into heraldry, but when pillars occur they somewhat resemble columns of the Tuscan order; plain Norman shafts with cushion capitals, however, are sometimes to be found. The capital, the base, and the pedestal are sometimes mentioned in the blazon. See also Arches.

MAJOR.

    Azure, a fesse argent over all a pillar gules issuing out of the base wavy azure--UDWARD, Longcroft, Scotland.
    Azure, three pillars of the Corinthian order[?] two and one; on the top of each a ball of the last--MAJOR, Suffolk.
    Argent, an eagle displayed sable resting each claw on a column with capital and base azure--BARTOLOZZI.
    Barry of six argent and gules, on a canton as the first a column sable--DEALE.
    Gules, a boy's face couped below the shoulders between two demi-pillars argent--BILERHEIT.
    Gules, two lions rampant gardant or supporting a column marked with lines chevronwise proper, all standing on a base of the same; [a garter surrounding the whole with the inscription, "INSTITUTE OF BRITISH ARCHITECTS, anno salutis M DCCC XXXIV,"] above a mural crown proper, and beneath the motto "Usui Civium, Decori Urbium." Seal of that SOCIETY.
    Sable, three Doric columns[?] palewise argent[elsewhere three columns in fesse]--TREMENHEERE, Cornwall.
    Gules, three door-arches argent, capitals and pedestals or(another the arches also or)--ARCHES, co. Devon.

Pincers.

Pincers have been observed only in one coat of arms, and that of a private family; not of a company.

Argent, a fesse between three pair of pincers gules--RUSSELL.

Pine-tree, (fr. pin): this tree occurs in some few coats of arms, and more frequently the Pine-apple(fr. pomme de pin), or rather the cone of the pine-tree. In some modern instances the fruit of the tree is represented, but then the term ananas ought to be employed to prevent confusion.

DYCHFIELD.

    Argent, on a mount in base a pine-tree fructed all proper--PYNE.
    Argent, in base on a mount proper a pine-tree vert, a talbot tied thereto proper, and from one of the branches a buglehorn pendent of the second within a bordure of the third--LOUTHIAN, Edinburgh.
    Argent, three pine-trees erased proper, fructed or--BRAYE, Cornwall.
    Argent, three pine-apples[i.e. cones] gules--DYCHFIELD, Essex.
    Argent, a chevron between three pine cones slipped erect gules--APPURLEY.
    Argent, between two chevrons sable three pines[i.e. pine cones] pendent vert--ASHFORD.
    Azure, a dolphin embowed naiant between three pine cones erect or--FISHER.
    Azure, on a chevron argent between in chief two roses of the last and in base an ananas leaved or, a pair of palm branches vert--PAULMIER, co. Devon.
    Argent, a negro cutting with a bill a sugar-cane proper, on a chief azure two pine-apples[i.e. ananas] or leaved and crowned of the last--CHAMBERS, Hanover, Jamaica; granted 1771.

Besides the pine, the fir(fr. sapin) the ceder and the cypress are sometimes mentioned; the sprig of the latter appears occasionally with that of laurel.

MACGREGOR.

    Argent, a fir-tree growing out of a mount in base vert, surmounted by a sword bendwise azure ensigned on the point with an imperial crown proper--MACGREGOR.
    Or, a lion rampant gules, in chief three fir-trees eradicated vert, on a canton argent a flag azure charged with a saltire of the fourth--FARQUHARSON, co. Aberdeen.
    Argent, on a mount a grove of firs proper--WALKINSHAND, Scotland.
    Argent, a cedar-tree between two mounts of flowers proper on a chief azure a dagger erect proper, pomel and hilt or between two mullets of six points gold--MONTEFIORE, Ramsgate, Sussex, and London; Baronetcy, 1846.
    Azure, three cypress sprigs or--BIRKIN.

Pink. See Carnation.
Pinzon. See Finch.
Pipe: musical instruments occur but rarely: we find the pipe or fife, the flute, and what is more remarkable the Organ-pipe, the latter being represented as on the next page.

NEVILL.

    Sable, three pipes two and one, the broad ends in chief, argent--PIPER.
    Vert crusily, two fifes or sackbuts or--PIPE, Bilston, co. Stafford.
    Azure, two pipes between ten crosses crosslet or--PYPE.
    Gules, on a bend invecked argent a shepherd's flute azure, in chief a lion passant guardant of the second royally crowned or--ELLIOT, Woolie. [Several families of ELLIOT bear flutes and pipes together with other charges].
    Azure, semy of crosses crosslet, or two shepherd's pipes chevronways of the second--PYKE, temp. HENRY VI.
    Gules, two organ-pipes pilewise, the wide ends in chief, or[elsewhere two pipes in pile or, small ends conjoined in base, extending themselves in chief]--NEVILL.
    Azure, semé of crosses croslet and two organ-pipes in chevron or--DELAPIPE, co. Derby.
    Azure, two organ-pipes in saltire between four crosses patty argent--Lord WILLIAMS of Thame.

Pistol. See Musket.
Pitcher. See Ewer.
Pitchfork. See Fork.
Placque: a name given to the tabard of a herald in distinction from those of kings of arms, and pursuivants.
Plain: it is sometimes found useful for the sake of distinction to introduce this word, e.g. in the following example.

Argent, on a chevron plain within a bordure engrailed gules three pierced cinquefoils of the first--GILBERT.

Plain point. See Point.
Plaited, i.q. fretted.
Planet: the names of the planets are sometimes introduced under the astronomical signs which are used to note them. (See under Letters.) The planet Venus occurs in the crest of CHAMBERS, but has not been observed in any coats of arms.
Blazoning by the name of Planets was invented by certain fanciful heralds in the seventeenth century, and the names employed will be found under Tinctures.
Planta genista. See Broom.
Plates, (fr. besant d'argent also plates): a term applied by heralds to the roundle argent. In the old rolls of arms the term rondeaux d'argent is more frequently used, but torteaux d'argent, gastelles d'argent, and pelotes d'argent are all found. (See respectively torteaux, pellet, and roundle.)

HUNTINGFIELD.

    Or, on a fesse gules three plates--HUNTINGFIELD. [See also under Pellet.]
    Sable, two broad arrows in saltire argent feathered or; in chief a plate--PEARLE, Harl. MS. 1458.
    Sir Rauf de CAMOYS, de or od le chef de goules a iij rondels de argent--Roll, temp. ED. II.
    Sire Johan DE LA PENNE, de argent a une fesse de sable; en la fesse iij rondels de argent--Ibid.
    Sire Johan de BABINGTONE, de goules a les pelotes de argent--Ibid.
    Sable, a lion rampant argent between eight plates[otherwise within an orle of bezants]--PRENNE.
    De gueules, à trois besants d'argent--ERMAR, Bretagne.

The term platy is also sometimes used for semé of plates.

    Argent, a chevron gules within a bordure sable platy--Sir John BAVENT, Norfolk.
    Sable, platy between two flaunches argent--SPELMAN.
    Azure, platy three ducal coronets or--LEIGH, co. Chester.
    Or, fretty sable platy--PLATT, London.

Platter. See Dish.
Plenitude, i.q. complement. See Moon.

Plough paddle.

Ploughshare.

Plough: the form of this bearing varies in different examples. In one coat an antique plough is named. The Plough paddle is carried by the sinister supporter of the arms of HAY, earl of Kinnoul, and is represented as in the margin, while the Ploughshare or Coulter, or as it is called by some heralds laver cutter is represented below.

    Azure, a plough in fesse argent--KRAGG.
    Azure, a fesse between three ploughs or--SMETON, Harl. MS. 1045, fo. 56.
    Gules, on a fesse argent between two garbs in chief or, and an antique plough in base of the last, three trefoils vert DREGHORN, Scotland.
    Argent, a chevron between three laver cutters(or ploughshares, also called scythe blades) sable--LEVERSEDGE, co. Chester.
    Per pale dancetty argent and sable; on the sinister side a coulter of the first--STEVENTON.
    Or, three coulters of a plough fessways in pale azure--KOEHLER.
    Argent, a chevron between three coulters sable--DOE, Langhall, co. Lancaster, 1749.

Plover: this bird has been observed named but in two coats of arms.

Argent, a chevron ermine, between three plovers proper--WYKE.
Azure, a chevron argent between three plovers or--WYCHARD.

Plum: in one case has the fruit of the plum-tree been observed.

Sable, a cross engrailed between four plums argent--BUTTERWORTH.

Cross staff.

Cutting-knife.

Shavehook.

Soldering-irons.

Plumbers' implements consist of five or six kinds. There is first of all the cutting-knife; next the shave-hook; next the soldering-irons; and next the cross staff. These are shewn in the margin as they are usually represented in the insignia of the PLUMBERS' Company. The level and the plummet from the same arms have already been figured under level. The soldering-irons, it will be seen, were borne by two branches of the family of SHRIGLEY(unless the variation in the blazon arises from error), as well as by the family of BIDDULPH.

    Or, on a chevron sable between a cross staff fessways of the last, enclosed by two plummets azure, all in chief, and a level reversed in base of the second, two soldering-irons in saltire, between a cutting-knife on the dexter, and a shavehook on the sinister argent--Company of PLUMBERS, London[Inc. 1612].
    Argent, a chevron between three plumber's soldering-irons sable--SHRIGLEY, Harl. MS. 1386, fo. 95.
    Argent, three soldering-irons sable--BIDDULPH, co. Stafford, Erdeswick.
    Argent, a fesse between three plumber's irons sable--SHRIGLEY.

Plumby, i.q. Purpure.

Badge of the PRINCE OF WALES.

Plume. Feathers were naturally employed more frequently as badges and crests than as charges on coats of arms, and when three or more occur they are termed a plume, fr. panache. The best known example is the plume of ostrich feathers borne by the PRINCE OF WALES, a cognizance peculiar to members of the royal family. The favourite legend that Prince Edward received the ostrich feathers from the casque of John of Luxembourg, King of Bohemia, at the battle of Cressy, Aug. 26, 1346, will scarcely bear investigation, or that the motto Ich Dien referred referred to the Bohemian King serving the French King as a stipendiary; still the true origin has not been satisfactorily ascertained. Since the time of Henry VIII. the ostrich feathers have been encircled by a coronet. An illustration is given from the Prince's Primer, printed by Richard Grafton, London, 1546.

    Argent, a chevron sable between three ostrich feathers(erroneously called perukes)--HARMAN, Kent.
    Argent, on a cross moline gules a feather of the first between two annulets in pale or--VIDAL, co. Devon.
    Argent, a steel cap proper with a feather in front gules--KINGSTON, temp. RICH. II.
    Argent, six ostrich feathers, three, two, and one sable--JERVIS.

When a plume consists of more than three feathers the number must be stated, but a very common device is to place the feathers in rows, and the rows are by some heralds blazoned as so many heights. When more than three heights occur, the term pyramid of feathers is used. The crest of MORTIMER supplies an example of this, though some heralds blazon this device as a pyramid of leaves.

Crest of MORTIMER.

    Gules, a fesse between three plumes argent--COLVELEY, co. Hants.
    Sable, three plumes of ostrich feathers, three in each, argent--TUFFLE.
    Per fesse gules and azure a griffin argent armed or seizing on a dragon vert holding a plume of the third--KIRKSWOLD.
    Gules, on a horse courant or with a plume to the head, bridle, saddle and trappings of the field between three garbs as the second, a 5-foil at the shoulder like the first, the hip covered by an escucheon .... charged with a cross--MALT.

Badge of JOHN OF GAUNT.

Sometimes a single feather is borne, and this not unfrequently is passed through an escroll, e.g. in the badge of JOHN OF GAUNT, as well as on his shield. See also Pen.
In case the quill should differ in tincture from the rest of the feather, the term penned, quilled, or shafted, may be employed.

Sable, three ostrich feathers ermine quills or, transfixed through as many scrolls of the last--JOHN duke of Lancaster.
Argent, three feathers in pale, each bending from the other in the tops gules, shafts[or quills] or--BROBRACH.

Plumed-of an arrow-when the feathers are of another tincture.
Plumeté, (fr.): of scales, &c., when of another tincture.
Plummet. See Level.
Poignard. See Dagger.
Point, (fr. une partie de l'écu). (1.) The chief use of this term is to denote a position in the escutcheon. Nine points are reckoned by heralds, but practically two of these(viz. Nos. 4 and 6) are needless, and are not recognized by the French heralds. The following diagram will readily explain the terms. The most frequently used are in chief and in base, the word point being understood.

    1. In Dexter chief point, (fr. au canton dextre du chef).
    2. In Middle chief point, (fr. au point du chef).
    3. In Sinister chief point, (fr. au canton sénestre du chef).
    4. In Honour, or Collar point.
    5. In Fesse point, (fr. au centre de l'écu, or 'en l'abîme,' or 'en cœur.')
    6. In Nombril point.
    7. In Dexter base point, (fr. au canton dextre de la pointe).
    8. In Middle base point, (fr. à la pointe).
    9. In Sinister base point, (fr. au canton senestre de la pointe).

    Party per bend indented or and azure; in sinister chief a pelican in piety between two fleurs-de-lys; in dexter base the same, all counterchanged--POYNET, Bp. of Rochester, 1550; of Winchester, 1551-53.
    Vairy or and gules in the dexter corner[i.e. dexter chief point] a lion passant gardant of the last--FERRERS.
    Argent, semy of trefoils two annulets braced in the nombril point sable--EATON.
    Quarterly gules and vert, four pheons in cross, points to the nombril of the escucheon argent--TRUBSHAWE.
    Gules, three swords conjoined at the pomels in fesse point, the blades extended to the dexter and sinister chief points, and middle base of the escutcheon argent--STAPLETON.
    Gules, a bar engrailed argent between three suns or; in the collar point a demi-salmon naiant from the fesse, of the second--AULD, Scotland.

The expression in point, e.g. of swords meeting, is supposed, when no further description is added, to mean the middle base point, i.e. No. 8, but it is very unsatisfactory.

Argent, three swords conjoined in point[in pile would be better] gules--BARDEN.

In the old rolls these points are not recognized, but the term en le cauntel or corniere is sometimes used, which is equivalent to the dexter chief point.

Hugh Fitz[de John de BALLIOL], de goules ove ung escochon d'azur ove ung lion rampant d'argent coronne d'or en la corniere--Roll, temp. HEN. III.
Sire William de TRACY, de or a ij bendes de goules; en le cauntel un escalop de sable--Roll, temp. ED. II.

Plain Point.

Point in point or Enty.

Point, (2.) (fr. la pointe): the term is sometimes used to signify a portion of the shield parted off at the base by a plain or compound line, just as the upper portion is treated when a chief is borne. If the partition line is drawn straight across it forms a plain point, but the line may be wavy, indented, &c.: if it is chevron shaped the point may be described as pointed, or in point or enty(q.v.) (which is sometimes badly spelt ampty). The best known example occurs in the Royal Arms of GEORGE I.
At the same time the French pointe frequently signifies a figure rising up quite to the chief point, like a pile reversed, and so the term pointé is used to signify that the shield is divided by lines forming that figure.

D'azur, à la pointe d'argent--SAINT BLAISE DE BRUGNY.
D'azur, à l'aigle naissante d'or coupé d'argent, a quatre pointes de gueules--DE LANGLOIS DE SEPTENVILLE, Normandie.

ACTONLEY.

The reason, perhaps, why the term point is not more frequently used is probably that when the field is parted off at the base, it is so by a mound(q.v.), or some similar device to which a definite name is applied.

    Per pale barry of six, ermine and gules dexter, and azure sinister; a chief engrailed of the third; a point indented argent--ACTONLEY.
    Sable, on a point wavy a lion passant or; in chief three bezants--HAWKINS, Plymouth.
    Per pale or and gules, a point in point ermine; over all a cross tau azure--LISLE.
    Argent, a chief gules; in base a point indented sable[otherwise per fesse indented argent and sable]--BLETHFIELD, or BLUFIELD.
    Gules, two lions passant gardant in pale or[for BRUNSWICK]; impaling or, semée of hearts gules, a lion rampant azure[for LUNENBURG]; on a point in point gules a horse courant argent[for SAXONY]. On the centre an inescutcheon gules charged with the Crown of Charlemagne or[for ARCH TREASURER of the Holy Roman Empire]. The fourth quarter of the Royal Arms of GEORGE I.

Point Champion.

In French coats of arms this kind of encroachment on the shield is much more frequent and more varied than in the English, but the English heraldic writers have adopted the French names, and in their disquisitions have not used them very consistently. The French term champagne is said to occupy one fourth of the shield, while the 'plaine' only one eighth of the shield, both being divided off the base by a line only slightly depressed in the centre. English heraldic writers describe the names champion, champaine, and shapourne, the last term being applied to any portion curved, but as there are no actual examples in English arms, their descriptions are quite valueless.

D'or, à l'olivier de sinople accosté de deux croissants de gueules; à la champagne d'azur chargé d'un brochet d'argent--BROCHANT DU BREUIL, Ile de France.

Some heralds also include under the term 'point' all the various partitions of the shield which are imagined to be abatements(q.v.), and describe dexter chief corner parted off by a line bendwise as a point dexter, and in a similar way they make a point sinister; also an imaginary point dexter base, and a point sinister base. Added to these are gussets, the gore, and perhaps the flaunches(q.v.).
The example from German and Italian arms provide a still more varied field for the exercise of ingenuity in blazon; e.g. the arms of CORRARO[of Karraro], Venice, (though Holme states that a similar coat was borne by the English family of HINXLEY). One or two instances are added as further specimens of extraordinary divisions of the shield.

HINXLEY.

    Coupé d'argent et d'azur, vêtu de l'un à l'autre(ou coupé d'argent et d'azur à une grande lozenge de l'un à l'autre aboutissante aux quatre flancs de l'écu); [in English, Per fesse argent and azure a lozenge throughout counterchanged]--CORRARO, or KARRARO, Venice.
    Per fesse argent and vert, four points counterchanged[otherwise 'Per fesse vert and argent; a lozenge in point[or throughout] counterchanged']--HINXLEY.
    Mi-coupé mi-parti vers la pointe et récoupé d'argent et de gueules--FROMBERG, Bavaria.
    Mi-coupé en chef failli en taillant et récoupé vers la pointe de gueules et d'argent--D'ARPO, Italy.
    Mi tranché audessous du chef, mi taillé en remontant vers le chef, et retaillé au flanc de l'écu d'or et de gueules--KAWSENGEN en Misnie.

The term point is used also in other ways. Irregularly for pane or pièce in the Cross quarterpierced, §5, q.v. (where the French 'cinque points d'argent equipollés' has been literally translated); and it has been even used for the squares of chequy. Again for a shield tiercé or triparted fesswise the term three points has been used for the three divisions. Custom has sanctioned the use of the word for the termination of the label, (q.v.), and there are also charges having points, e.g. swords, spears, &c., in blazoning which the direction of those points has to be stated. There is also the Wire-drawer's point.
Poix. See Goutté de.
Pole-axe. See Axe.
Pole-star or Polar. See Star.
Poles. See Hop-poles or Hopbines.
Pomegranate, (lat. Pomum granatum, fr. grenade), i.e. the Apple of Grenada: the tree, the branch, and the fruit are all found borne in arms, the last generally represented as slipped. The badge of CATHARINE of ARRAGON affords a good illustration of the manner in which the fruit is represented.

Badge of CATHARINE of Arragon.

BILSON.

    Argent, on a mount a pomegranate-tree fructed proper--WILKERS, Harl. MS. 6169.
    Sable, a hand proper vested argent issuing out of the clouds, &c. [see Clouds]; in base a pomegranate or between five demi-fleur-de-lis bordering the edge of the escutcheon of the last--College of PHYSICIANS, incorporated 1523.
    Or, a pomegranate-tree erased vert fructed gold, supported by a hart rampant proper crowned and attired of the first--Dr.LOPUS, Physician to Queen Elizabeth, 1591.
    Sable, a pomegranate branch slipped and fructed or--FORD, co. Devon.
    Or, a fesse indented ermine between three pomegranates leaves proper--BARR.
    Gules, a pomegranate in pale slipped or--GRANGE, or GRANGER.
    Gules, a demi-rose argent charged with another of the field, conjoined in pale with a demi-pomegranate or, seeded proper[i.e. gules] both slipped vert--BILSON, Bp. of Winchester, 1597-1616.
    Or, a saltire between four martlets sable, on a canton argent a pomegranate proper seeded gules--GUILFORD.
    Argent, a chevron gules between three pomegranates proper-Richard GARDENAR, Himbleton, co. Worcester. The pomegranates leaved vert--GARDINER, co. Worcester, 1592.

Pomeis, (fr. volets, but more frequently torteaux de sinople): the name given to roundles vert, but of comparatively modern origin: the pomey is no doubt intended for the apple. In one blazon the term pomme seems to be used for this. (See Arms of UTTERSON, under Flag.)

    Argent, a fesse cotised gules between three pomeys--TARPLEY, co. Northampton.
    Argent, five pomeis in saltire; a chief indented gules--FARMARY, granted 1611.
    Ermine, three pomeis, each charged with a cross or--HEATHCOTE.
    Gules, on a fesse argent three pomeis--RANSON.
    D'or, a trois chevrons de sable accompagne de trois torteaux de sinople--DESCHAMPS.

Pomel: the knob upon the hilt or a sword, q.v.
Pometty: applied to the Cross, q.v. §29, terminated in pomel shaped knobs. See also arms of TROSSELL, under Fret.
Pometty: also of a Cross, q.v. §29, or escarboucle(q.v.) having a rounded excrescence on each arm.
Popinjay. See Parrot.
Poplar-tree, (fr. peuplier): this has been observed but in one instance. The aspen leaf is more frequent.

    Argent, a mount vert, thereon a poplar-tree between two lions combatant proper ducally crowned or--GANDOLPHI, Richmond, Surrey.
    Argent, a fesse between six aspen leaves vert--FENINGLEY.
    Argent, an aspen leaf proper--ASPINALL.
    Argent, three aspen leaves gules[another branch of the family, Gules, three aspen leaves argent]--COGAN.

Poppy, (fr. pavot): one instance of this has been observed in English arms.

Gules, three poppy bolles on their stalks in fesse or--BOLLER.
D'or, à trois têtes de pavots de sinople--PAVYOT.

Porc. See Boar.
Porch. See Church.
Porcupine, (fr. porc-épic): three instances of this device have been observed. It may be quilled of another tincture. There is some danger of it being confused with the hedgehog, q.v.

    Argent, three porcupines sable--BYRON, Byron, co. Lancaster.
    Gules, two porcupines argent--MERICKE, Wigmore Castle, Hereford, 1560, and co. Radnor.
    Gules, a porcupine salient argent quilled and chained or--EYRE, Lord Mayor of London, 1445.

Porprin and Porpre. See Purpure.
Porridge-pot. See Pot.
Port or portal, i.q. a porch of a Church, or a gate of a Castle.

Portcullis.

Portcullis, or Portquilice, (fr. coulesse and herse, also sarrasine): a frame of wood strengthened and spiked with iron, used for the defence of the gate of a castle. It occurs as a badge of the house of Tudor in allusion to their descent from the Beaufort family. The illustration is taken from the east window of the Chapel founded by the king at Westminster. Besides being borne separately it is often referred to in the descriptive details of the castle, q.v.

    Argent, a portcullis sable, chains azure--REIGNOLD, or REYNOLDS, Devon.
    Argent, a portcullis gules, chains azure--Burgh of ABERBROTHOCK, Scotland.
    Ermine, on a chief azure three portcullises lined and ringed or--SNAPPE, Standlake, co. Oxford.
    Or, a fesse embattled between three portcullises gules--YETTS, Teviotdale, Scotland.
    [Portcullises are borne by the Society of TRADESMEN and ARTIFICERS; by LANGMAN, York Herald, temp. 2nd Elizabeth; and by the families of PORT, co. Dorset, O'GRADY, Viscount GUILLAMORE, LUDGATE, JURY, REEVES, Somerset, WINDYGATE, WINZIET, WINGATES, NEWMAN, and the Borough of HARWICK.]

Portcullis: the name of one of the pursuivants. See Herald.
Portholes or loop-holes. See under Castle and Tower.
Posé, (fr.): of a lion statant with its four feet touching the ground.
Possenet. See Pot.
Postscrip. See Pilgrim's Scrip.

Flesh-pot.

Pot, (fr. pot): there are several kinds of pots, and they are variously represented. The more usual is an iron vessel or cauldron standing on three legs, and with two handles, such as is found in the base of the arms of the BRAZIERS' Company(afterwards incorporated with the Armourers'). See for blazon under Ewer. It is the same probably as the flesh-pot, and as such the pots in the ancient arms of MONTBOUCHER were afterwards blazoned.

    Sire Bertram de MONBOCHER, de argent a iij pos de goules od la bordure de sable besante de or--Roll, temp. ED. II.
    Argent, three flesh-pots gules--MOUNBOWCHIER.
    Argent, on a chief azure two flesh-pots or--POTTER.
    Gules, a chevron between three flesh-pots or--WETHERED, co. Buckingham, and co. Hertford.
    Argent, on a chief azure two flesh-pots(or porridge-pots) without handles or--POTTER,

Several arms have simply pots, but whether intended for placing on the fire or standing on the table seems to depend on circumstances. The porridge-pots of DERLING are blazoned elsewhere ewers; the pewter pots of DELVES are probably table pots. The arms of MONTBOUCHER, given above, are found blazoned as three water-pots, and also as three possenets, in different rolls. Also see under Cup for drinking-pots and college pots, and under Ewer for the laver-pot, under Founders for melting-pot respectively: also Lily-pot and Flower-pot.

    Argent, a pot sable with fire issuant proper--HAYWOOD.
    Argent, a chevron between two pots sable within a bordure engrailed gules--BRAY.
    Argent, a chevron between three porridge pots(elsewhere ewers) sable--DERLING.
    Argent, on a chevron gules between three pewter pots sable fretty or--DELVES, co. Chester.

Potent: this was the name anciently given to a crutch, or walking staff. Thus Chaucer, in his description of 'Elde,' that is, old age, says,--

  "So olde she was, that she ne went      A fote, but it were by potent."

In English blazon the term Pilgrim's crutch, q.v., is more frequently used than crutch, but in some French arms the word potent seems to be used in this sense, or perhaps for a tau cross.

Argent, three bars gules; over all a crutch in bend sinister or--Gilbertson Priory at MALTON, co. York.
D'or, à trois potences de gueules--MARCHALACH, Bretagne.

Potent counter-potent.

1. The term is most frequently used in connection with the Cross, where the four arms end in a crutch-like form. See Cross potent, §31.
2. But it also gives its name to one of the heraldic furs, composed of any metal and colour; this is, however, usually blazoned Potent counter-potent. See writers call it Vairy cuppy, Vairy tassy, and Meirré, and there is every reason to believe that it is nothing but an accidental variety of Vair, q.v., with fanciful names given to it.

    Potent counter potent, argent and sable, a bend gules--MANCHESTER, co. Stafford.
    Potent counter potent gules and argent, a chevron or--AMOS or AMES.
    Azure, a chevron potent counter potent or and gules between three ewers with handles of the second--BUREAU.

3. The term Potent is also applied to the edge of an ordinary or to a line of division, though the latter but rarely.

    Azure, a bend argent between four cotises potent or--SANXER.
    Azure, a bend argent two cotises potent on the upper side or--CHAMPAGNE.
    Argent, on a plain bend between two cotises potent on the outer edge sable, a tilting spear of the first--CARMICHAEL[afterwards COULTHART].
    Gules, a tower between three cinquefoils argent, within a bordure potent ermine--HAMILTON.
    Ermine, a chief potent quarterly or and gules--PECKHAM.

Potgun. See Musket.
Pothook. See Hook.
Pouch. See Pilgrim's Staff; also Purse.
Pouncing: said of a falcon seizing his prey.
Pourpre, fr. Purpure.
Powdered, fr. poudré. See Semé.
Powets: an old name for tadpoles. See Frog.
Ppr.: an abbreviation of the word 'proper.' See Trick.
Prasin: green. See Vert.
Prawns. See Shrimps.
Preen. See Clothiers.
Press. See Winepress.

CHICHESTER.

Prester(or Presbyter) JOHN: this singular figure is represented as seated on a stone(described as a tombstone), and forms the insignia of the See of CHICHESTER, the only instance in which the bearing occurs. The origin of the figure is obscure. In 1180 the seal represented the Figure of Christ seated on a Tomb, with perhaps a symbolical reference to Rev. i. 16, and Rev. v. 1. Early in the next century the mythical story of Prester John, a supposed King of central Asia, was current, a certain Franciscan monk, by name Carpini, who went out as a Missionary in 1206, having brought home or invented the story, and this being very popular was afterwards, perhaps, applied to the device.

Azure, a Presbyter John hooded sitting on a tombstone, in his sinister hand a book open, his dexter hand extended with the two forefingers erect, all or; in his mouth a sword fessways gules, hilt and pommel or, the point to the sinister--Bishoprick of CHICHESTER.

Pretence. See Escutcheon of.
Pretension. See Arms of.
Preying: applied to birds. See under wing and Falcon.
Pricket. See Candlestick.
Pride, In his: said of a peacock affronté, with his tail expanded. Also applied to the Turkeycock.
Prime. See Basket-maker's.
Primrose: this flower occurs in some few instances. Though the colour varies, the shape of the natural flower should be retained.

    Or, three primroses within a double tressure flory counterflory gules--PRIMROSE.
    Argent, on a fesse azure between three primroses gules as many mullets or--PRIMROSE, Scotland.
    Argent, on a fesse azure three primroses of the field--PRIMROSE.
    Or, a lion rampant vert armed and langued gules--PRIMROSE, Dalmeny, Scotland; [quartering argent on a fesse azure between three primroses vert as many mullets or].
    Azure, a chevron argent between three primroses slipped proper--CARSTAIRS, Kilconquhar.
    Azure, on a saltire between a mullet in chief and base and a decrescent and increscent in fesse argent a primrose slipped proper--HAGNE, Scotland.

Profile in: used sometimes in describing heads of men.
Proper, (fr. au naturel): when a charge is borne of its natural colour it is said to be proper; the word is sometimes used also as to shape, when there is a conventional or heraldic form of the charge, and when the natural form has to be adopted. It is not good blazon to say a rose proper in regard to tincture, because some roses are red and others white, and the same remark will apply to any object whose colour varies at different times, or in different examples.
    The use of the term, however, often involves practically a disregard of the heraldic rules as to tincture. It is used to denote colours, and mixture of colours, and shading, and the like, quite unknown in all early coats of arms. A glance at the examples given throughout the present Glossary will shew how freely the term is used. Applied to the human figure it involves the use of flesh colour(fr. carnation), as well as of the colours of costumes of various kinds. It will be found that Kings, Bishops, figures of Saints and children are blazoned proper, as also each mythical beings as Neptune, a Triton, and a Sagittarius. Limbs and parts of men are also blazoned proper, e.g. arms, hands, legs, eyes, and even bones. Numerous animals also will be found so blazoned, e.g. elephant, camel, panther, badger, otter, bat, &c., and of different kinds of deer, and of dogs. Birds are still more frequently so blazoned, and examples will be found of the following: peacock, parrot, kingfisher, finches of various kinds, including the canary and the linnet, owl, heron, stork, partridge, snipe, moorcock, heathcock, lark, eaglets, auk, blackbird, raven, magpie, cornish chough, swan, ducks of several kinds, seagull, and seapie. Of fish examples will be found of the salmon, the lamprey, the whiting, and the herring, besides the heraldic dolphin so blazoned. Amongst reptiles the alligator, snakes, serpents, and effets, the lizard, and even the chamelion; while amongst insects are found bees, ants, beetles, and grasshoppers, blazoned 'proper.'
    That Trees, Fruits, and Flowers should be so blazoned is less extraordinary, but it is not easy to decide whether vert only should be used. Examples of the oak tree, the elm tree, the holly tree, the hawthorn tree, the hazel tree, the ivy and the rowan tree occur, as well as of the pine, the palm, the orange, the cherry, and the fig tree: and the Fruit also in some few cases is found separately blazoned as proper, e.g. apples, pine-apples, pomegranates, alderberries, and mulberries; while the term fructed proper is not unfrequently applied to several trees; and in one case 'a basket of fruit, proper' occurs. Amongst Flowers will be found the primrose, lily, pansy, marigold, columbine, pink, gilly-flower, silphium, marigold, bluebottle, and thistle, and in one or two cases the ground is blazoned or strewed with flowers generally. The term leaved or slipped proper is of frequent occurrence, and various kinds of leaves are blazoned proper; but for all these vert may be used.
    The term is also frequently applied to the landscape generally, and to the objects in a landscape; especially to water under its various forms, e.g. the stream, the river, the ford, the sea, the waves, &c. When applied, however, to the fountain it probably implies the use of the conventional heraldic tinctures of that roundle. Examples also may be found of the term applied to a mount, a rock, a mine, a cave and even to a mole-hill. Fire and flaming are almost always blazoned proper. Buildings, which are quite out of place in true heraldic arms, occur so blazoned, e.g. a Castle, a Monastery, Ruins, and sometimes special buildings, e.g. the Royal Exchange, the Bell-rock lighthouse, the Virginia College, &c. Ships again are blazoned thus, as in full sail proper, or with sails furled proper. Armour and various kinds of weapons are also frequently blazoned proper, e.g. the helmets, morions, &c., swords, daggers, muskets, guns, &c. Various tools also are found so blazoned, e.g. saw, wimble, fleam, cutting-knife, currycomb, &c. Also such household articles as mirror, hour-glass, globe, or astrolabe, books, rolls of parchment, cards, &c. Besides these, other devices, oddly introduced into later coats of arms, such as a rainbow, Noah's ark, a Caduceus, and a diamond, are all found blazoned 'proper.'
Pruning-hook. See Sickle.
Pruning its wing: used of birds, especially the Eagle.
Punning Arms. See Canting Arms.
Purfled, or Purflewed: garnished: a term applied to the studs and ornaments of armour, the trimmings of robes, arrows, birdbolts, (q.v.) Some call a border of ermine, or any other fur, a bordure purflew ermine, &c., but this is needless, and indeed unintelligible.

Purple.

Purpure, (fr. pourpre): this colour, as it is considered by some, but tincture as it is allowed to be by others, is found but rarely in early rolls of arms. It is expressed in modern engravings by lines in bend sinister. The terms plumby and porprin occur. In the fanciful blazoning by planets it was called Mercury, and in that of precious stones Amethyst. It is not common in recent arms, still some hundred examples or so may be found.

    Sire Felip de LYNDESHEYE, de or a un egle de porpre--Roll, temp. ED. II.
    Sire Nicholas MALEMEIS, de argent a une bende engrele de pourpre--Ibid.
    Sire Johan de DENE, dargent a un lyoun raunpaun de pourpre--Ibid.

So also Henry, the good Earl of Lincoln, at the siege of Carlaverock bore a banner of yellow silk with a purple lion.

  Enris li bons Quens de Nicole[i.e. Count    Baner out de un cendal safrin     
    of Lincoln] ...                           O un lioun rampant purprin.

Purse.

Purse, (fr. bourse), stringed and tasselled, is represented as in the margin. The purse of state, in which the great seal is kept, is of similar form, but more richly adorned. Very similar to the purse is the pouch or scrip. See under Pilgrim's Staff.

    Argent, a purse overt gules--CONRADUS.
    Argent, a chevron between three dexter hands clenched sable, each holding a purse of the first--STEVENSON.
    Or, a fesse chequy argent and azure between three purses gules--SPREWELL, Cowdon, Scotland.
    Argent, two lion's gambes erased in saltire gules; on a canton of the second three purses or--ANDESLY.
    Argent, a chevron between three swords point downwards, each supporting a purse sable, the pomels and tassels or--TASBOROUGH, Suffolk.

Pursuivant. See Heralds.
Pyncheon, i.q. Pinzon. See Finch.
Pyot: said to be used for Magpie.
Pyramid of feathers. See Plume.
Pyramide, (fr.): a pyramid only used in one or two French arms.
Python, a winged serpent. See Pegasus.

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