to Former page
to Next page

(c) after 2/30 seconds (d) after 3/30 seconds
Fig.5 The process that unifies two bubbles. The couple of bubbles were
produced in 50cc of carbonated water (H2O+ CO2) in which 5g of powder of
iron (Fe) and 5g of calcium sulfide (CaSO4) were mixed. The necessary condition
to keep bubbles is neutral acidity (pH=7). The photographed after 12 hours
of the mixing.
1.2.b The rearrangement of substances in membrane of a bubble
An arrangement of substances in membrane of a bubble that breaks out
as shown in Fig.6 (a) and Fig6 (b). A solid substance in right side of
the central is moving downward. The substance that was included in the
membrane moves in a bubble slowly. The time difference between two pictures
is 13 seconds.
Moreover we can recognize enlargement of the bubbles by comparing from two photographs shown in Fig.6. It indicates the facts that the solid substance in membrane of the bubble continues the reactions.
There is a transparent portion in a bubble. The conceivable reasons for
the effects form a structure in membrane of a bubble are as follows. A
heavy solid substance transfers to the lower part of the bubble. A light
solid substance adheres to the surface.

(a) at 4hours 42minutes 36seconds b) at 4hours 42minutes 49minutes
[13 second after
(a)]
Fig.6 Rearrangement of solid substances in a bubble [mixed with carbonated
water (H2O+CO2) and powder of iron (Fe)]
1.2.c Outline of the mechanism that bubbles are produced by the reaction between carbonated water and iron
At first, bubbles are born from surface of iron particles in the bottom. Each bubble surfaces and it expands by approaching to the surface. Most of bubbles break at the surface. When a bubble explodes, the substance that adheres to the bubble falls downward. Some of falling substances reverse upward in way of the descent. There are surfacing bubbles and falling substances concurrently.
After about an hour, the bubbles those are covered with rugged substances
appear in the water. Increase of bubble that stays at the surface is promoted
by the floating substances.
-1.4-
to Index