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Electron spin is unreal
(Fig.1) Quantum mechanics just shows unphysical altermagnetic model with up and down imaginary electrons' spins.
The overhyped media repeatedly says altermagnetism is the new 3rd magnetisim with the potential for the future energy-efficient faster magnetic devices, which is neither ferromagnetism nor antiferromagnetism.
The 3rd-last paragraph of this overhyped news (12/19/2024) says
"I predict altermagnets will have a commercial impact within 5–10 years." ← still useless.
The 2nd-last paragraph of this hyped news also says
"This study represents a significant step forward (= infinite steps are needed ? ), proving that with the right material engineering, the future (= just speculation ) of ultra-fast, energy-efficient computing could be closer than we think."
But in fact, unlike ferromagnets used as magnetic storage devices, this altermagnet is just hopeless antiferromagnet with No net magnetic field (= No magnetic moment ), which is completely useless as magnetic memory device, let alone the faster energy-efficient dreamlike spintronics devices, contrary to a lot of hypes ( this-3rd-last-paragraph ).
This-4th-paragraph (3/31/2025) says
"Altermagnets (AM) are a sort of mixture of the two: the crystalline material is ordered where the magnetic moments alternate, resulting in No net magnetization"
The last paragraph of this news (3/13/2025) says
"But he cautions a demonstration may take some time. Puggioni notes that the proposed materials either lack the desired property at room temperature or have yet to be synthesized. Unambiguously measuring the switching of the altermagnetic spin splitting may be experimentally challenging" ← still useless (forever)
This paper's p.11 (12/10/2024) says
" However, various studies only outline potential applications of altermagnetism, providing No detailed and
complete guidance on the experimental methods required
to realize these applications. More research is needed to
bridge the gap between theoretical predictions and practical implementation."
This-last-paragraph says
"For now, altermagnetism remains confined to the lab (= still No practical use ). But as scientists continue to unravel its mysteries, this new form of magnetism could (= just speculation ) soon power the devices of tomorrow — faster, greener, and more resilient than ever before (= overhype )"
The unrealistic quantum mechanics can only describe materials and molecules as one-pseudo-electron DFT or fictional quasiparticle model with fake effective mass in the unphysical band theory.
Physicists often use the very old method called spin-ARPES (= angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy ) to (wrongly) imagine the momentum (= or wave vector k ), energy, fictional effective mass, and spin-direction of ( unseen, pseudo-)electrons inside material in this unphysical band or quasiparticle model ( this-2nd-paragraph, this-lower, this-p.4-5 ).
This-4th-last-paragraph says
"Additionally, ARPES measurements... while (fictional) quasi-particle interference patterns.."
In this ARPES, they measure kinetic energies (= momentums ) of electrons (= photo-electrons ) ejected by the incident light.
But they wrongly assume the electron's momentum (= p|| ) parallel to the material's surface is unchanged even after the electron absorbs the incident light and changes its kinetic energy ( this-p.6 ). ← This fact invalidates quantum mechanical ARPES.
Furthermore, ARPES relies on free parameters to estimate the momentum (= p⊥ ) vertical to the material's surface of the ( fictional unseen ) electron inside material.
Spin-ARPES just measures the electrons scattered by some magnetic material with very low efficiently (< 0.01, this-p.6-ε ), which can Not measure the electron's (fictional) spin direction itself ( this-p.5-6 ).
Electron spin is unreal, which can be replaced by the real electron's orbital motion, so the electron's scattering direction is naturally influenced by the material's electron's orbital direction, Not by the fictional spin in the spin ARPES (= electron spin has No evidence ).
↑ From this spin-ARPES measurement based on wrong assumption, they vaguely imagine the (fictional) momentum, energy and fake effective mass of electrons inside material as imaginary quasiaprticles.
In the altermagnet, the momentum patterns in electrons with up and down spins are said to be slightly different (= called momentum-dependent band and spin-splitting, this-p.1-abstract-upper, this-1st~4th-paragraphs ).
↑ The up-spin's momentum pattern is said to become the same as the down-spin's momentum pattern by rotation, and as shown in the upper figure .
↑ This altermagnet's (fictional) momentum-spin pattern in the unphysical band model is called rotation symmetry, which has nothing to do with the real world's phenomena ( this-p.3-Figure.1, this-p.2-Fig.1 ).
This impractical altermagnet with zero magnetization is said to be distinguished from antiferromagnet only in the unphysical (imaginary) quantum mechanical band model (= consisting of very rough energy-momentum-spin picture measured by the wrong ARPES ) with fictional quasiparticles and electrons expressed only as nonphysical math symbols with No particle shape ( this-p.2 ).
That's all. The altermagnet with zero magnetic field is completely useless for any devides such as magnetic memory devices, contrary to a lot of hypes.
Altermagnetis with very small magnetization may sometimes show (anomalous) Hall effect where electric current slightly veers in the direction perpendicular to the external applied electric field by the altermagnetic's small magnetization due to classical Lorentz magnetic force, which effect is too small to be practical.
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