The Japanese-Taiwanese Fundamental Characters’ Contrastive Phonetic Table

The Japanese-Taiwanese Fundamental Characters’ Contrastive Phonetic Table

日台基本漢字発音対照表

Produced by Nobuyuki NAKAZAWA 中澤信幸

Hiroyuki IWAKI 岩城裕之

Norimitsu KORESAWA 是澤範三

Background and Purpose

With the Japanese language education in Taiwan, they contrast the Japanese language with the Mandarin Chinese which is enacted as the national language. However the modern Mandarin Chinese pronunciation is quite different from the modern Sino-Japanese pronunciation. Therefore the modern Sino-Japanese pronunciation is a difficult problem for Taiwanese students learning the Japanese language. On the other hand, the Taiwanese pronunciation has a distinction between voiced and unvoiced, and has final plosive stops, which are common features with the Sino-Japanese pronunciation. Because both the Sino-Japanese and the Taiwanese language maintain the Ancient Chinese pronunciation’s features. However with the Japanese language education in Taiwan, they don’t make good use of this Taiwanese language’s feature.

“Nichi-Tai Jion Binran” (日台字音便覧, the contrastive phonetic table of the Japanese-Taiwanese characters), which is contained in “Nichi-Tai Daijiten” (日台大辞典, Japanese-Taiwanese Great Dictionary, published in 1907), was the first synthetic contrastive linguistics between the Sino-Japanese pronunciations and the Taiwanese pronunciations. In this research, we construct the Japanese-Taiwanese fundamental characters’ contrastive phonetic table (日台基本漢字発音対照表, 1,162 characters), by contrasting the database of “Nichi-Tai Jion Binran”, the property which our predecessors left. And we will propose to make good use of this contrastive phonetic table.

Expected Effect

First, using this contrastive phonetic table with the Japanese language education, we will be able to reduce labors of Taiwanese students in learning the Sino-Japanese pronunciations, and the education will become more effective.

Second, for Japanese people, the Taiwanese pronunciations will become more familiar, in contrasting with the Sino-Japanese pronunciations and the Mandarin Chinese pronunciations. And then, they will understand that the Taiwanese pronunciations are more familiar with the Sino-Japanese pronunciations than the Mandarin Chinese pronunciations. So the Taiwanese language education will become popular in Japan.

Explanatory Notes

(1) [No.] are consecutive numbers of characters. (altogether 1,162.) If one character have several pronunciations, [複] indicate lower class, for example “a” or “b”. [便覧] are consecutive numbers of “Nichi-Tai Jion Binran”. [掲出字] (1,162 characters) are picked up from “Nichi-Tai Jion Binran”. [異体字] are the another types of same characters. If computers cannot indicate, URL from “eKanji database” (the University of Shimane, 島根県立大学 http://ekanji.u-shimane.ac.jp/ ) is in [文字URL].

(2) [日本語漢語・台湾語] are consecutive numbers from the Japanese kango (漢語) words from “Minna no Nihongo” (みんなの日本語), edited by 3A Corporation (スリーエーネットワーク), and the Taiwanese words which correspond to the Japanese kango words. [700字表] are consecutive numbers from the 700 recommend characters for Taiwanese Hokkien (臺灣閩南語推薦用字700字表), promulgated by the Ministry of Education of the Republic of China.

(3) [部首・画数・頁・段] are locations in “Nichi-Tai Jion Binran”. The Sino-Japanese ([漢音・呉音・漢呉共通]) are from “Nichi-Tai Jion Binran”. [韻・声調] (the rhymes and tones by “Pingshuiyun”, 平水韻) are also from “Nichi-Tai Jion Binran”. But in (韻) of josyo (上声) and kyosyo (去声) are converted into in of hyosyo (平声).

(4) [ピンイン・注音・四声] (pinyin 拼音, zhuyin fuhao 注音符號, tones) are the Mandarin Chinese pronunciations.

(5) [読共通] are the literary pronunciations (読書音, 文言音) of the common both Amoi (厦門) and Zhangzhou (漳州). [読厦門] are the literary pronunciations of Amoi. [読ｼｮｳ州] are the literary pronunciations of Zhangzhou. Katakana (片仮名) writings are from “Nichi-Tai Jion Binran”. [教育部] are writings by Taiwanese Romanization System (臺灣閩南語羅馬字拼音方案). [白話字] are writings by pe̍h-ōe-jī (白話字, POJ, known as the Church Romanization, 教會羅馬字). [注音] are the Taiwanese writings by zhuyin fuhao.

(6) [俗共通] are the colloquial pronunciations (俗音, 白話音) of the common both Amoi and Zhangzhou. [俗厦門] are the colloquial pronunciations of Amoi. [俗ｼｮｳ州] are the colloquial pronunciations of Zhangzhou.

(7) [備考] are informations of the various form of characters and so on.

Download

The Japanese-Taiwanese Fundamental Characters’ Contrastive Phonetic Table
日台基本漢字発音対照表 Version 2.1.1 (updated at 2014.1.26), Microsoft Excel file.

The Modern “Nichi-Tai Jion Binran” Database
現代版日台字音便覧データベース Version 2.1.1 (updated at 2014.1.26), Microsoft Excel file.

Theses of this Table

Nobuyuki NAKAZAWA, Hiroyuki IWAKI, Norimitsu KORESAWA

Possibility of the Japanese-Taiwanese Fundamental Characters’ Contrastive Phonetic Table with the Japanese Language Education,

2nd International Conference on Vietnamese and Taiwanese Studies & 6th International Conference on Taiwanese Romanization

Center for Taiwanese Languages Testing, National Cheng Kung University (國立成功大學) May 18-19. 2013

中澤信幸　岩城裕之　是澤範三

日本語教育における「日台基本漢字」発音対照表の可能性について

『山形大学大学院社会文化システム研究科紀要』10　pp.13-20　2013

Tohru SAKAI, Nobuyuki NAKAZAWA

Database of Holo-Taiwanese Language in the Process of Making Multi-Linguistic Policies

The 14th Annual Conference of European Association of Taiwan Studies

Ca’ Foscari University of Venice March 2-4. 2017

Go to Nobuyuki NAKAZAWA Website